Cancer Next StepDecision Navigation

Educational information only — not a diagnosis or treatment recommendation.

Content last checked: Jul 15, 2026·Sources & review

Targeted Therapy

What is this treatment?

Drug treatments directed at specific molecular alterations that help drive tumor growth.

When doctors consider it

Considered after molecular profiling identifies an actionable alteration matched to an available therapy or trial.

Potential advantages

  • Can be highly effective when a matching alteration is present
  • Often oral and given outpatient
  • May delay or reduce need for broader cytotoxic therapy in some settings

Limitations

  • Requires timely, adequate molecular testing
  • Resistance can develop over time
  • Access to matched drugs or trials varies by region

Questions to discuss with doctors

  • Was comprehensive molecular testing completed?
  • Are there resistance patterns we should anticipate?
  • Is a clinical trial a better match than standard targeted options?

Countries offering this option

  • United States
  • China

Cost considerations

Testing costs plus long-term drug pricing and monitoring labs are major drivers.