Cancer Next StepDecision Navigation

Educational information only — not a diagnosis or treatment recommendation.

Content last checked: Jul 15, 2026·Sources & review

treatment · Breast Cancer

How should I compare lumpectomy and mastectomy?

Short answer

For many early breast cancers, lumpectomy plus radiation and mastectomy can offer similar cancer control when candidates are appropriately selected. The decision often hinges on tumor extent, genetics, reconstruction preferences, and radiation willingness.

Why patients ask this

Patients hear that both can be oncologically sound and need help weighing personal priorities.

Key factors to consider

  • Tumor size relative to breast size
  • Multicentric disease
  • Genetic risk and future risk reduction goals
  • Radiation feasibility and preference
  • Reconstruction timing and body-image priorities

Questions to ask your doctor

Bring these to your next visit to clarify the decision in front of you.

  1. Am I an appropriate candidate for breast-conserving surgery?
  2. How would genetic results change surgery recommendations?
  3. What does recovery look like for each option?

Before you leave

Your next step

You are at treatment. Do these three things next:

  1. Write down what is still unknown
  2. Ask which next result would change the plan
  3. List the questions you will bring to your next visit

Bring this question to your visit: Am I an appropriate candidate for breast-conserving surgery?

Compare treatments for this step

Illustrative journeys at nearby stages

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